Reviewed By
Reviewed By
Overview
SCIENTIFIC SCORE
Possibly Effective
Based on 16 Researches
7.8
USERS' SCORE
Good
Based on 4 Reviews
8.3
Supplement Facts
Serving Size: 1 infusion bag (makes 8 fl. oz.)
Serving Per Container: 18
Amount Per Serving
%DV
Proprietary Organic Blend
2 g
Organic Ashwagandha (root)
†
Organic Tulsi Blend
†
Organic Holy Basil (Ocimum sanctum) (Krishna & Rama varieties) (leaf)
Organic East Indian Basil (Ocimum gratissimum) (Vana variety) (leaf)
Top Medical Research Studies
9
DHA shows promise for autoimmunity
We conducted a study to evaluate how docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a type of omega-3 fatty acid, can impact autoimmune disorders, specifically using an animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS). In this investigation, we worked with twenty-five Dark Agouti rats, dividing them into distinct groups. Some received DHA, while others served as controls, allowing for comparisons of its effectiveness on clinical symptoms and levels of oxidative stress.
Over the course of 51 days, DHA was administered via injections, with a daily 40 mg/kg dosage given five days a week. What we observed was quite encouraging. The DHA supplementation appeared to lead to a reduction in oxidative stress markers and showed improvements in clinical scores related to the disease. These results suggest that DHA has the potential to positively influence the progression of MS.
Furthermore, we believe this effect may be linked to DHA’s ability to activate Nrf2, an important antioxidant factor in our bodies. Overall, our findings indicate that DHA could be a beneficial treatment option for managing multiple sclerosis and possibly other autoimmune conditions.
Over the course of 51 days, DHA was administered via injections, with a daily 40 mg/kg dosage given five days a week. What we observed was quite encouraging. The DHA supplementation appeared to lead to a reduction in oxidative stress markers and showed improvements in clinical scores related to the disease. These results suggest that DHA has the potential to positively influence the progression of MS.
Furthermore, we believe this effect may be linked to DHA’s ability to activate Nrf2, an important antioxidant factor in our bodies. Overall, our findings indicate that DHA could be a beneficial treatment option for managing multiple sclerosis and possibly other autoimmune conditions.
Read More
9
We explored the effects of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on fibroblast-like synovial cells from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Our study demonstrated that DHA prompted cells to undergo apoptosis, or programmed cell death, particularly through a process dependent on caspase-8. This occurred in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting that higher amounts of DHA resulted in greater cell death.
Additionally, we observed that DHA was effective in reducing inflammation markers, such as MMP-9 and IL-1β, which are often heightened in autoimmune conditions like RA. The treatment also triggered important cellular responses, including the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress markers like CHOP.
We discovered that lowering levels of CHOP or another protein called DR5 improved cell survival and diminished DHA-induced apoptosis. Importantly, our findings revealed that DHA led to an accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are harmful byproducts that can damage cells. When we treated cells with an antioxidant, we found that it significantly reduced the expression of both CHOP and DR5, as well as the associated cell death.
Our results were consistent across both laboratory cell lines and primary synovial cells directly obtained from RA patients. This suggests that DHA may offer a new avenue for treatment by harnessing the body's cellular responses to combat the destructive processes of RA.
Additionally, we observed that DHA was effective in reducing inflammation markers, such as MMP-9 and IL-1β, which are often heightened in autoimmune conditions like RA. The treatment also triggered important cellular responses, including the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress markers like CHOP.
We discovered that lowering levels of CHOP or another protein called DR5 improved cell survival and diminished DHA-induced apoptosis. Importantly, our findings revealed that DHA led to an accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are harmful byproducts that can damage cells. When we treated cells with an antioxidant, we found that it significantly reduced the expression of both CHOP and DR5, as well as the associated cell death.
Our results were consistent across both laboratory cell lines and primary synovial cells directly obtained from RA patients. This suggests that DHA may offer a new avenue for treatment by harnessing the body's cellular responses to combat the destructive processes of RA.
Read More
9
We investigated how docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a key fatty acid, influences autoimmune disorders like multiple sclerosis (MS). Our findings revealed that fatty acid metabolism, particularly through the enzyme stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1), plays a critical role in the differentiation of regulatory T cells (Tregs), which are important for maintaining immune balance.
The absence of SCD1 in T cells leads to increased hydrolysis of triglycerides and phosphatidylcholine. This process, facilitated by an enzyme known as adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), results in the release of DHA, which further enhances Treg differentiation. By activating the nuclear receptor known as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, DHA helps promote a more robust Treg population, potentially reducing the risk of autoimmune reactions.
Our exploration underscores the significance of dietary fatty acids in regulating immune responses. By highlighting DHA's role in modulating Treg differentiation and its potential implications for treating autoimmune conditions, this study paves the way for future dietary interventions and therapeutic strategies aimed at controlling autoimmune disorders like MS.
The absence of SCD1 in T cells leads to increased hydrolysis of triglycerides and phosphatidylcholine. This process, facilitated by an enzyme known as adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), results in the release of DHA, which further enhances Treg differentiation. By activating the nuclear receptor known as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, DHA helps promote a more robust Treg population, potentially reducing the risk of autoimmune reactions.
Our exploration underscores the significance of dietary fatty acids in regulating immune responses. By highlighting DHA's role in modulating Treg differentiation and its potential implications for treating autoimmune conditions, this study paves the way for future dietary interventions and therapeutic strategies aimed at controlling autoimmune disorders like MS.
Read More
Most Useful Reviews
9
Great value tea
2 people found this helpful
First time ordering. Organic India has many varieties, and honestly, I am not particularly keen on the taste, as it feels more like medicine than tea. However, the effect is remarkable. If you're looking to care for yourself rather than enjoy delicious flavours, Organic India is truly worth incorporating into your daily routine—it's good tea.
Read More
7.5
Stress relief
1 people found this helpful
I ordered Ashwagandha without much knowledge. This herbal plant from India is said to relieve stress, balance the mind, and boost immunity. Blended with Tulsi, it's very easy to drink. I wondered if it contained fruits, but it appears not. I’m busy with work, and my nerves often tingle. When I'm home or after a tiring day, I drink organic Indian tea and recover both physically and mentally.
Read More
7.5
Effective product
The product was arranged and packed perfectly, and the effect is undeniable! I will definitely order more! Additionally, it was delivered quickly.
Read More
Medical Researches
SCIENTIFIC SCORE
Possibly Effective
Based on 16 Researches
7.8
- All Researches
9
DHA mediators reduce RA symptoms
We explored how lipid mediators derived from docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) impact rheumatoid arthritis (RA), an autoimmune disorder marked by inflammation and joint damage. In our investigation, we noted that a specific combination of lipid mediators produced from DHA, including 17S-monohydroxy docosahexaenoic acid, resolvin D5, and protectin DX, showed promise in reducing arthritis severity.
The study involved using collagen antibody-induced arthritis (CAIA) in mice and examining RANKL-induced osteoclast formation using RAW264.7 cells. We observed that these lipid mediators effectively lowered the expression of certain markers related to osteoclast formation. They also showed potential by suppressing inflammatory pathways within cells.
In addition to promising laboratory results, our findings indicated that mice treated with these lipid mediators exhibited significantly less swelling and inflammation in their paws. We noticed a decrease in inflammatory cytokines in their serum, which is crucial for managing autoimmune responses, while levels of an anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-10, increased.
These findings suggest that the lipid mediators derived from DHA can alleviate joint inflammation and damage associated with rheumatoid arthritis, indicating their potential as a therapeutic option. Overall, our research highlights the positive effects of DHA-related lipid mediators on autoimmune disorders like RA.
The study involved using collagen antibody-induced arthritis (CAIA) in mice and examining RANKL-induced osteoclast formation using RAW264.7 cells. We observed that these lipid mediators effectively lowered the expression of certain markers related to osteoclast formation. They also showed potential by suppressing inflammatory pathways within cells.
In addition to promising laboratory results, our findings indicated that mice treated with these lipid mediators exhibited significantly less swelling and inflammation in their paws. We noticed a decrease in inflammatory cytokines in their serum, which is crucial for managing autoimmune responses, while levels of an anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-10, increased.
These findings suggest that the lipid mediators derived from DHA can alleviate joint inflammation and damage associated with rheumatoid arthritis, indicating their potential as a therapeutic option. Overall, our research highlights the positive effects of DHA-related lipid mediators on autoimmune disorders like RA.
Read More
9
DHA shows promise for autoimmunity
We conducted a study to evaluate how docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a type of omega-3 fatty acid, can impact autoimmune disorders, specifically using an animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS). In this investigation, we worked with twenty-five Dark Agouti rats, dividing them into distinct groups. Some received DHA, while others served as controls, allowing for comparisons of its effectiveness on clinical symptoms and levels of oxidative stress.
Over the course of 51 days, DHA was administered via injections, with a daily 40 mg/kg dosage given five days a week. What we observed was quite encouraging. The DHA supplementation appeared to lead to a reduction in oxidative stress markers and showed improvements in clinical scores related to the disease. These results suggest that DHA has the potential to positively influence the progression of MS.
Furthermore, we believe this effect may be linked to DHA’s ability to activate Nrf2, an important antioxidant factor in our bodies. Overall, our findings indicate that DHA could be a beneficial treatment option for managing multiple sclerosis and possibly other autoimmune conditions.
Over the course of 51 days, DHA was administered via injections, with a daily 40 mg/kg dosage given five days a week. What we observed was quite encouraging. The DHA supplementation appeared to lead to a reduction in oxidative stress markers and showed improvements in clinical scores related to the disease. These results suggest that DHA has the potential to positively influence the progression of MS.
Furthermore, we believe this effect may be linked to DHA’s ability to activate Nrf2, an important antioxidant factor in our bodies. Overall, our findings indicate that DHA could be a beneficial treatment option for managing multiple sclerosis and possibly other autoimmune conditions.
Read More
9
We investigated how docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a key fatty acid, influences autoimmune disorders like multiple sclerosis (MS). Our findings revealed that fatty acid metabolism, particularly through the enzyme stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1), plays a critical role in the differentiation of regulatory T cells (Tregs), which are important for maintaining immune balance.
The absence of SCD1 in T cells leads to increased hydrolysis of triglycerides and phosphatidylcholine. This process, facilitated by an enzyme known as adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), results in the release of DHA, which further enhances Treg differentiation. By activating the nuclear receptor known as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, DHA helps promote a more robust Treg population, potentially reducing the risk of autoimmune reactions.
Our exploration underscores the significance of dietary fatty acids in regulating immune responses. By highlighting DHA's role in modulating Treg differentiation and its potential implications for treating autoimmune conditions, this study paves the way for future dietary interventions and therapeutic strategies aimed at controlling autoimmune disorders like MS.
The absence of SCD1 in T cells leads to increased hydrolysis of triglycerides and phosphatidylcholine. This process, facilitated by an enzyme known as adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), results in the release of DHA, which further enhances Treg differentiation. By activating the nuclear receptor known as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, DHA helps promote a more robust Treg population, potentially reducing the risk of autoimmune reactions.
Our exploration underscores the significance of dietary fatty acids in regulating immune responses. By highlighting DHA's role in modulating Treg differentiation and its potential implications for treating autoimmune conditions, this study paves the way for future dietary interventions and therapeutic strategies aimed at controlling autoimmune disorders like MS.
Read More
9
We explored the effects of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on fibroblast-like synovial cells from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Our study demonstrated that DHA prompted cells to undergo apoptosis, or programmed cell death, particularly through a process dependent on caspase-8. This occurred in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting that higher amounts of DHA resulted in greater cell death.
Additionally, we observed that DHA was effective in reducing inflammation markers, such as MMP-9 and IL-1β, which are often heightened in autoimmune conditions like RA. The treatment also triggered important cellular responses, including the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress markers like CHOP.
We discovered that lowering levels of CHOP or another protein called DR5 improved cell survival and diminished DHA-induced apoptosis. Importantly, our findings revealed that DHA led to an accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are harmful byproducts that can damage cells. When we treated cells with an antioxidant, we found that it significantly reduced the expression of both CHOP and DR5, as well as the associated cell death.
Our results were consistent across both laboratory cell lines and primary synovial cells directly obtained from RA patients. This suggests that DHA may offer a new avenue for treatment by harnessing the body's cellular responses to combat the destructive processes of RA.
Additionally, we observed that DHA was effective in reducing inflammation markers, such as MMP-9 and IL-1β, which are often heightened in autoimmune conditions like RA. The treatment also triggered important cellular responses, including the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress markers like CHOP.
We discovered that lowering levels of CHOP or another protein called DR5 improved cell survival and diminished DHA-induced apoptosis. Importantly, our findings revealed that DHA led to an accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are harmful byproducts that can damage cells. When we treated cells with an antioxidant, we found that it significantly reduced the expression of both CHOP and DR5, as well as the associated cell death.
Our results were consistent across both laboratory cell lines and primary synovial cells directly obtained from RA patients. This suggests that DHA may offer a new avenue for treatment by harnessing the body's cellular responses to combat the destructive processes of RA.
Read More
9
We explored how docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a type of omega-3 fatty acid, affects autoimmune disorders like multiple sclerosis (MS). The study focused on an experimental model known as relapse-remitting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (RR-EAE), which is commonly used to understand MS better.
Through our investigation, we found that DHA can be transformed into beneficial metabolites. One such metabolite, docosahexaenoyl ethanolamide (DHEA), was observed to lessen the polarization of immune cells, specifically naïve T-cells, towards proinflammatory types that can exacerbate autoimmune issues. This means that DHEA could help keep the immune response in check.
Moreover, we noticed that the levels of DHEA and related compounds changed as the disease progressed in the mice. Interestingly, when we administered DHEA daily to these mice, it delayed the onset of symptoms, slowed down relapses, and reduced the severity of clinical scores.
Overall, our findings suggest that DHEA and its metabolites may play a protective role in autoimmune disorders like MS and could serve as a promising nutritional complement to current treatments.
Through our investigation, we found that DHA can be transformed into beneficial metabolites. One such metabolite, docosahexaenoyl ethanolamide (DHEA), was observed to lessen the polarization of immune cells, specifically naïve T-cells, towards proinflammatory types that can exacerbate autoimmune issues. This means that DHEA could help keep the immune response in check.
Moreover, we noticed that the levels of DHEA and related compounds changed as the disease progressed in the mice. Interestingly, when we administered DHEA daily to these mice, it delayed the onset of symptoms, slowed down relapses, and reduced the severity of clinical scores.
Overall, our findings suggest that DHEA and its metabolites may play a protective role in autoimmune disorders like MS and could serve as a promising nutritional complement to current treatments.
Read More
User Reviews
USERS' SCORE
Good
Based on 4 Reviews
8.3
- All Reviews
- Positive Reviews
- Negative Reviews
9
Great value tea
2 people found this helpful
First time ordering. Organic India has many varieties, and honestly, I am not particularly keen on the taste, as it feels more like medicine than tea. However, the effect is remarkable. If you're looking to care for yourself rather than enjoy delicious flavours, Organic India is truly worth incorporating into your daily routine—it's good tea.
Read More
7.5
Stress relief
1 people found this helpful
I ordered Ashwagandha without much knowledge. This herbal plant from India is said to relieve stress, balance the mind, and boost immunity. Blended with Tulsi, it's very easy to drink. I wondered if it contained fruits, but it appears not. I’m busy with work, and my nerves often tingle. When I'm home or after a tiring day, I drink organic Indian tea and recover both physically and mentally.
Read More
7.5
Effective product
The product was arranged and packed perfectly, and the effect is undeniable! I will definitely order more! Additionally, it was delivered quickly.
Read More
7.5
Calming effect
5 people found this helpful
Very delicious! Currently in my late 30s, I suffer from hypothyroidism (Hashimoto's disease), and in spring, I experience anxiety disorders such as autonomic imbalance and panic disorder, making it hard to leave the house. I also drink chillardin, but some days I don’t feel well. When I have it on those days, I feel calm; above all, it is delicious and easy to drink. The spice flavour is just right, and I recommend drinking it hot or iced.
Read More
Frequently Asked Questions
7.5
Effective product
The product was arranged and packed perfectly, and the effect is undeniable! I will definitely order more! Additionally, it was delivered quickly.
7.5
Calming effect
5 people found this helpful
Very delicious! Currently in my late 30s, I suffer from hypothyroidism (Hashimoto's disease), and in spring, I experience anxiety disorders such as autonomic imbalance and panic disorder, making it hard to leave the house. I also drink chillardin, but some days I don’t feel well. When I have it on those days, I feel calm; above all, it is delicious and easy to drink. The spice flavour is just right, and I recommend drinking it hot or iced.
7.5
Stress relief
1 people found this helpful
I ordered Ashwagandha without much knowledge. This herbal plant from India is said to relieve stress, balance the mind, and boost immunity. Blended with Tulsi, it's very easy to drink. I wondered if it contained fruits, but it appears not. I’m busy with work, and my nerves often tingle. When I'm home or after a tiring day, I drink organic Indian tea and recover both physically and mentally.
9
Great value tea
2 people found this helpful
First time ordering. Organic India has many varieties, and honestly, I am not particularly keen on the taste, as it feels more like medicine than tea. However, the effect is remarkable. If you're looking to care for yourself rather than enjoy delicious flavours, Organic India is truly worth incorporating into your daily routine—it's good tea.
8
DHA benefits for lupus management
We delved into the effects of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on autoimmune disorders, focusing on its role in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). By examining data from 418 lupus patients, we aimed to understand how different types of fatty acids, such as omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), impact disease activity, pain, and sleep disturbances.
Our findings highlighted that higher levels of DHA are linked with better outcomes for those living with SLE. Patients who had more long-chain omega-3 PUFAs, particularly DHA, reported less pain and improved overall disease management. Despite some participants showing low omega-3 levels, these results suggest there's significant room for improvement through dietary changes.
While we must conduct further studies to confirm these benefits, it’s clear that adjusting our intake of omega-3s could be a simple yet effective way to enhance the quality of life for individuals with autoimmune disorders like lupus. Precision nutrition strategies that include DHA supplementation have strong potential in optimizing treatment plans.
Our findings highlighted that higher levels of DHA are linked with better outcomes for those living with SLE. Patients who had more long-chain omega-3 PUFAs, particularly DHA, reported less pain and improved overall disease management. Despite some participants showing low omega-3 levels, these results suggest there's significant room for improvement through dietary changes.
While we must conduct further studies to confirm these benefits, it’s clear that adjusting our intake of omega-3s could be a simple yet effective way to enhance the quality of life for individuals with autoimmune disorders like lupus. Precision nutrition strategies that include DHA supplementation have strong potential in optimizing treatment plans.
9
DHA mediators reduce RA symptoms
We explored how lipid mediators derived from docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) impact rheumatoid arthritis (RA), an autoimmune disorder marked by inflammation and joint damage. In our investigation, we noted that a specific combination of lipid mediators produced from DHA, including 17S-monohydroxy docosahexaenoic acid, resolvin D5, and protectin DX, showed promise in reducing arthritis severity.
The study involved using collagen antibody-induced arthritis (CAIA) in mice and examining RANKL-induced osteoclast formation using RAW264.7 cells. We observed that these lipid mediators effectively lowered the expression of certain markers related to osteoclast formation. They also showed potential by suppressing inflammatory pathways within cells.
In addition to promising laboratory results, our findings indicated that mice treated with these lipid mediators exhibited significantly less swelling and inflammation in their paws. We noticed a decrease in inflammatory cytokines in their serum, which is crucial for managing autoimmune responses, while levels of an anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-10, increased.
These findings suggest that the lipid mediators derived from DHA can alleviate joint inflammation and damage associated with rheumatoid arthritis, indicating their potential as a therapeutic option. Overall, our research highlights the positive effects of DHA-related lipid mediators on autoimmune disorders like RA.
The study involved using collagen antibody-induced arthritis (CAIA) in mice and examining RANKL-induced osteoclast formation using RAW264.7 cells. We observed that these lipid mediators effectively lowered the expression of certain markers related to osteoclast formation. They also showed potential by suppressing inflammatory pathways within cells.
In addition to promising laboratory results, our findings indicated that mice treated with these lipid mediators exhibited significantly less swelling and inflammation in their paws. We noticed a decrease in inflammatory cytokines in their serum, which is crucial for managing autoimmune responses, while levels of an anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-10, increased.
These findings suggest that the lipid mediators derived from DHA can alleviate joint inflammation and damage associated with rheumatoid arthritis, indicating their potential as a therapeutic option. Overall, our research highlights the positive effects of DHA-related lipid mediators on autoimmune disorders like RA.
We conducted a careful examination of the effects of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a type of omega-3 fatty acid, on rheumatoid arthritis (RA). By going through 23 randomized controlled trials, we sought to determine if DHA supplementation could lessen the symptoms of this autoimmune disorder.
Our findings indicated that while there was a slight reduction in pain and joint tenderness among those taking DHA supplements, the effects appeared minimal. Specifically, we found small changes in pain levels, tender joint counts, and swollen joints, with reductions that suggest only a limited clinical benefit overall.
In addition to these symptoms, we also looked into whether DHA could lead to a decrease in the intake of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), a common medication for RA. The results showed a slight reduction in NSAID use, but we need to be cautious since the quality of the evidence was mostly rated as very low or low.
Ultimately, while there are some promising indicators, our research suggests that DHA supplementation may not provide significant relief for individuals suffering from rheumatoid arthritis. The previously suggested advantages regarding NSAID intake could be influenced by biases, such as inadequate blinding in the studies we reviewed.
Our findings indicated that while there was a slight reduction in pain and joint tenderness among those taking DHA supplements, the effects appeared minimal. Specifically, we found small changes in pain levels, tender joint counts, and swollen joints, with reductions that suggest only a limited clinical benefit overall.
In addition to these symptoms, we also looked into whether DHA could lead to a decrease in the intake of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), a common medication for RA. The results showed a slight reduction in NSAID use, but we need to be cautious since the quality of the evidence was mostly rated as very low or low.
Ultimately, while there are some promising indicators, our research suggests that DHA supplementation may not provide significant relief for individuals suffering from rheumatoid arthritis. The previously suggested advantages regarding NSAID intake could be influenced by biases, such as inadequate blinding in the studies we reviewed.
9
We explored how docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a type of omega-3 fatty acid, affects autoimmune disorders like multiple sclerosis (MS). The study focused on an experimental model known as relapse-remitting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (RR-EAE), which is commonly used to understand MS better.
Through our investigation, we found that DHA can be transformed into beneficial metabolites. One such metabolite, docosahexaenoyl ethanolamide (DHEA), was observed to lessen the polarization of immune cells, specifically naïve T-cells, towards proinflammatory types that can exacerbate autoimmune issues. This means that DHEA could help keep the immune response in check.
Moreover, we noticed that the levels of DHEA and related compounds changed as the disease progressed in the mice. Interestingly, when we administered DHEA daily to these mice, it delayed the onset of symptoms, slowed down relapses, and reduced the severity of clinical scores.
Overall, our findings suggest that DHEA and its metabolites may play a protective role in autoimmune disorders like MS and could serve as a promising nutritional complement to current treatments.
Through our investigation, we found that DHA can be transformed into beneficial metabolites. One such metabolite, docosahexaenoyl ethanolamide (DHEA), was observed to lessen the polarization of immune cells, specifically naïve T-cells, towards proinflammatory types that can exacerbate autoimmune issues. This means that DHEA could help keep the immune response in check.
Moreover, we noticed that the levels of DHEA and related compounds changed as the disease progressed in the mice. Interestingly, when we administered DHEA daily to these mice, it delayed the onset of symptoms, slowed down relapses, and reduced the severity of clinical scores.
Overall, our findings suggest that DHEA and its metabolites may play a protective role in autoimmune disorders like MS and could serve as a promising nutritional complement to current treatments.
References
- Gilley KN, Fenton JI, Zick SM, Li K, Wang L, et al. Serum fatty acid profiles in systemic lupus erythematosus and patient reported outcomes: The Michigan Lupus Epidemiology & Surveillance (MILES) Program. Front Immunol. 2024;15:1459297. 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1459297
- Szczuko M, Kacprzak J, Przybylska A, Szczuko U, Pobłocki J, et al. The Influence of an Anti-Inflammatory Gluten-Free Diet with EPA and DHA on the Involvement of Maresin and Resolvins in Hashimoto's Disease. Int J Mol Sci. 2024;25. 10.3390/ijms252111692
- Su Y, Han Y, Choi HS, Lee GY, Cho HW, et al. Lipid mediators obtained from docosahexaenoic acid by soybean lipoxygenase attenuate RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation and rheumatoid arthritis. Biomed Pharmacother. 2024;171:116153. 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116153
- Wang M, Rajkumar S, Lai Y, Liu X, He J, et al. Tertiary lymphoid structures as local perpetuators of organ-specific immune injury: implication for lupus nephritis. Front Immunol. 2023;14:1204777. 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1204777
- Muñoz-Jurado A, Escribano BM, Galván A, Valdelvira ME, Caballero-Villarraso J, et al. Neuroprotective and antioxidant effects of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in an experimental model of multiple sclerosis. J Nutr Biochem. 2024;124:109497. 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109497
- Poggioli R, Hirani K, Jogani VG, Ricordi C. Modulation of inflammation and immunity by omega-3 fatty acids: a possible role for prevention and to halt disease progression in autoimmune, viral, and age-related disorders. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2023;27:7380. 10.26355/eurrev_202308_33310
- Léger T, Brun A, Lanchais K, Rigaudière JP, Briat A, et al. Docosahexaenoic acid and etanercept could reduce functional and metabolic alterations during collagen-induced arthritis in rats without any synergistic effect. Life Sci. 2023;327:121826. 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121826
- Grajchen E, Loix M, Baeten P, Côrte-Real BF, Hamad I, et al. Fatty acid desaturation by stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 controls regulatory T cell differentiation and autoimmunity. Cell Mol Immunol. 2023;20:666. 10.1038/s41423-023-01011-2
- Marchand NE, Choi MY, Oakes EG, Cook NR, Stevens E, et al. Over-the-counter fish oil supplementation and pro-resolving and pro-inflammatory lipid mediators in rheumatoid arthritis. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2023;190:102542. 10.1016/j.plefa.2023.102542
- Jeong M, Shin JI, Cho J, Jeon YJ, Kim JH, et al. DHA Induces Cell Death through the Production of ROS and the Upregulation of CHOP in Fibroblast-like Synovial Cells from Human Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients. Int J Mol Sci. 2023;24. 10.3390/ijms24021734
- Kim JS, Soto-Diaz K, Bingham TW, Steelman AJ, Das A. Role of omega-3 endocannabinoids in the modulation of T-cell activity in a multiple sclerosis experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model. J Biol Chem. 2023;299:102886. 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.102886
- Xie R, Zhang Y. Association between 19 dietary fatty acids intake and rheumatoid arthritis: Results of a nationwide survey. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2023;188:102530. 10.1016/j.plefa.2022.102530
- Wierenga KA, Riemers FM, Westendorp B, Harkema JR, Pestka JJ. Single cell analysis of docosahexaenoic acid suppression of sequential LPS-induced proinflammatory and interferon-regulated gene expression in the macrophage. Front Immunol. 2022;13:993614. 10.3389/fimmu.2022.993614
- Ghasemi Darestani N, Bahrami A, Mozafarian MR, Esmalian Afyouni N, Akhavanfar R, et al. Association of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Intake on Inflammatory Gene Expression and Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients. 2022;14. 10.3390/nu14214627
- Gkiouras K, Grammatikopoulou MG, Myrogiannis I, Papamitsou T, Rigopoulou EI, et al. Efficacy of n-3 fatty acid supplementation on rheumatoid arthritis' disease activity indicators: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2024;64:16. 10.1080/10408398.2022.2104210
- Hassanshahi G, Noroozi Karimabad M, Jebali A. The therapeutic effect of PEGlated nanoliposome of pistachio unsaturated oils and its efficacy to attenuate inflammation in multiple sclerosis: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial phase I. J Neuroimmunol. 2022;362:577768. 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2021.577768
